Sunday, 2 February 2014

Critical Studies: Then to Now - Part 4

   1998 saw the beginning of the sixth generation era of video games, or the 128 bit era. These are the consoles that shaped the childhood of most people my age, with the major contenders being the Sony PlayStation 2, Sega Dreamcast, Microsoft's Xbox and the Nintendo GameCube.


   The Sega Dreamcast was the first to come, being released in 1998, appearing as some sort of peculiar hybrid between the Nintendo 64 and the PlayStation. It was Sega's attempt at a comeback from the fall of Sega Saturn, and even though it had a largely loyal following, it sadly didn't last that long, being outweighed by the staggering sales of the PS2. It had quite a lot of big name titles though, such as Sonic Adventure, Soul Calibur and Marvel Vs Capcom, but sadly the last official games were released in 2002.


   Which brings us to the PS2. In my opinion, the PS2 could easily be one of the best consoles so far. The PS2 was released in 2000 and has only recently been discontinued, as of January 2013. In this time, it sold over 150 million units, making it the best selling video game console in history. I still have and adore my PS2, and if it ever breaks you can be sure I'd get another. The PS2 holds a vast amount of my all time favourite games, one of which, Dark Cloud.
   I personally discovered Dark Cloud by chance on the demo disc that came with the console. To me, this game is shockingly underrated. It has been quoted as 'Sony's answer to Legend of Zelda' and I kind of see the connection, even though I am not a massive fan of the Legend of Zelda myself.
   

    This is a trailer for Dark Cloud. The aim of the game is to rebuild the eastern part of the world which has been left in ruin by the Dark Genie, and you do this by battling through dungeons and various boss battles to save the villagers of about 7 different areas and restore their homes to how they were before. Playing it now, it's easy to see obvious flaws in models and textures, however I still find the gameplay incredibly absorbing. 
   I loved the sequel too, as it had the same fundamental idea as the first game, but a lot more in depth. 




   I've never owned the original Xbox, however I have a lot of fond memories of playing Halo 2 with my cousins. When production of this machine was first announced, people were skeptical and a lot of people scoffed at the idea, but Microsoft shocked them all as the Xbox's popularity soared.
   Bill Gates proposed that the Xbox would be three times as powerful as the PS2 and would 'transform the way we consumed electronic entertainment.' Quite a hefty claim considering it was Microsoft's first launch into the console market. 
   The Xbox also popularised the use of playing console games online with the release of Xbox live in 2002. It competed with Dreamcast and PlayStation 2's online services and while these were free and Xbox live is subscription based, Xbox live was more popular because their servers were far better. Also, games like, for instance, Halo 2, made Xbox live incredibly successful.



Which brings us to the Nintendo GameCube. Okay, to start with, how cute is this machine? It is so easy to see that the obvious target audience for this console is children, proving Nintendo's reputation for producing the friendly, family based console on the market has been prevalent for a good while. Nintendo used a similar idea as the 64 with the ability to transfer information between the console and the handheld GameBoy Advance. This worked by use of a GBA cable, which allowed you to use it as an input system, or exchange data or even unlock new levels. With this console, you could also have bought a broadband adapter which allowed you to connect the machine to the internet and play online with your friends.

   2005 brought us the 7th generation of home gaming consoles, with the competition being narrowed down to Microsoft, Nintendo and Sony. It's widely considered Sony and Microsoft are the only real contenders, however Nintendo are ever reliable for there friendly, loveable approach to gaming. I personally love Nintendo (mostly their hand held machines I will admit), but the thing I love about Nintendo is that the game franchises they are most famous for are the ones they have been most famous for since the beginning. Mario Brothers, Pokemon and even relatively newer titles like Animal Crossing.

   The Nintendo Wii, released in 2006, was immensely popular, although it took a while. In 2012 it surpassed Playstation 3 and the Xbox 360 in world wide sales. I don't think this is surprising though, because in my opinion it was quite a new, innovative machine. It was revolutionary because it more so introduced the idea of using consoles for exercise. I mean, it had been done before, of course, with DanceDanceRevolution and the Combat Pad for Dead or Alive 2, but not nearly on the same scale. With the Wii, it was actually FUN to use as an exercise tool. It was great to use for family party games aswell, but, if I'm honest, I never found it fun to actually PLAY anything on it, by myself. It just never really did it for me. However, by no means do I think this made it less viable than the Xbox 360 or the Playstation 3. Just fun for different reasons. Also, the Wii was a beautiful step up in console design from its predecessor, with a lovely classic white which Nintendo has become quite well identified for.
   I'll be one of the first to admit that I am INCREDIBLY lazy when it comes to exercise. I don't like competitive sports, or going for a run (other people can see, ugh). The gym is okay I guess, because the other people are there to exercise too, but the wii kinda took away the need. It sounds silly to say that you're going on a console to do exercise, and although a lot of people just use their wrist to complete things (CHEATING, MAY I JUST SAY.. naughty) if you actually put effort in it can be worthwhile, with things like the WiiFit, and the release of Zumba dance routines. 


   Wii Party, is a fun family game that would NEVER be fun playing by yourself, but is actually a lot of fun playing with other people. Something that actually brings out my competitive side, wow! 

   The Xbox 360 was released in 2005, and originally bore no resemblance to the original Xbox, being white and grey, at least until the release of the Xbox 360 Slim in 2010, which undeniable more beautiful. It was quieter, with touch buttons and was built to ward off the hardware failures that the white and grey model had.
   I myself love the 360, as there are a lot of my favourite games on this. For the most part they're available on the PS3 and PC as well, but the Xbox 360 is what I have console wise (which has been a source of great regret to me with releases like 'The Last of Us'). 
   In 2010, Microsoft released the attachment for the Xbox 360, the Kinect. Now, okay, this is a matter of opinion, but I never rated it all that much. Some may argue that it's better than the Wii, because of the fact you don't need a controller for the motion sensor, but when I was playing on it I just felt a bit awkward and lumbering, and that it never had the same jovial charm as the Wii.


   The Playstation 3 was released in 2006,  and although it has a lot of games shared between this console and the Xbox 360, I've noticed in a few, like Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, for instance, that it's not quite as good quality graphics as the Xbox 360, same as neither has graphics as good as the PC. 


The good point about the Playstation 3 over the Xbox is that its online servive, The Playstation Network, was free, whereas the Xbox Live wasn't, if you wanted to play with others.

   Which brings us the most current, the 8th generation. This current gen was kicked off in 2012, with the release of the WiiU. 


The Wii U has a fairy nice design, sticking with their futuristic white gleam (although it is available in other colours, this one is the most identifiable as Nintendo). The idea of this console was to change the way games are played. It was to add new perspectives to gaming and see things on multiplayer that others can't. 
   I feel like this is an okay idea, but personally I would just end up sticking to watching the one screen half the time. Sadly, compared to the Wii, the WiiU did terribly in terms of sales, selling about 150,000 units in the UK, forcing Nintendo's top executives to take up to 30% in pay cuts. In its existence, it has failed to sell more than Sony and Microsoft's consoles did in mere months. 
   


   It's widely agreed that the major competition is between the Xbox One and the PS4 and has been a subject of widespread discussion and dispute for a long while. The Xbox One was released November 22 in 2013, with the PS4 following shortly after on the 29th (EU). Both sold extremely well in the months to follow, but one sold slightly better than the other, with the PS4 to Xbox One now sitting at ration of 1.5:1 of sales in the UK.  Consoles have come a long way, and are improving and growing all the time. Looking at some of the newer games for the recent 8th gen consoles, they are absolutely beautiful. I also still find quite a lot of charm in the old consoles though, and I think it is a good idea to still revisit these often, as they are a strong nostalgic reminder and there is much we can still learn from them. 




References:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_game_consoles_(sixth_generation)
  • http://venturebeat.com/2013/05/17/consoles-that-wont-die-the-sega-dreamcast/
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/Playstation_2
  • www.computerandvideogames.com/131066/hardware/the-complete-history-of-xbox/
  • www.wikipedia.org/wiki/xbox
  • www.nintendo.co.uk/corporate/nintendo-history/nintendo-gamecube-627129.html
  • www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wii
  • www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/xbox_360
  • www.techradar.com/reviews/gaming/games-consoles/xbox-360-703247/review
  • www.en.wikiedia.org/wiki/Playstation3
  • www.nintendo.co.uk/wii-U/Hardware-features?Hardware_Features_660145.html
  • www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jan/31/wii-U-mobile-nintendo-video-game


Saturday, 4 January 2014

Critical Studies: Then to Now - Part 3

   The year 1990 started the 4th Generation Consoles, with SNK releasing their first console, NeoGeo.

The NeoGeo was marketed and released not only as a home video game console, but also as an arcade system board, the 'MVS' (Multi-Video System). The MVS took cartridges, which allowed the arcade operator to play multiple games through a standalone machine. It could hold 4 games at once and you had the ability to switch between them. SNK also saw through the insightful idea for the NeoGeo, of a memory card, so gamers could save their game in an arcade and take it home etc. Although this was an incredible feat of a machine, it had one major drawback... the price. Launch cost of this console was a whopping $650, with cartridges reaching prices as high as $200.
   It's two main competitors were the Sega Megadrive and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. The NeoGeo was a slight third wheel in this sense, because of the domination of Sega and Nintendo's rivalry.
   1990 saw the Japanese release of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). It was a massive improvement on its predecessor and had sold an estimated 50 million units. It played host to games such as..

...Super Mario World,


...Final Fantasy VI


...and Street Fighter 2


    The Sega Megadrive was released in Japan in 1988.


It's believed to be Sega's most successful video game console, selling 35.3 million units. It lost the competition with the SNES for global market attention, however was still a highly popular machine, marketing well known titles such as Comix Zone (an awesome game based around a comic book artist fighting his creations in an innovative comic book style), Castlevania, Streets of Rage 2 and of course Sonic the Hedgehog 2.




   In 1994, Sony released the first of their console systems, the Playstation.


 The Playsation was a part of the fifth generation of consoles, its main competitors being the Nintendo 64 and the Sega Saturn. My personal favourite is the Playstation. Having been bought it when I was fairly young, it sparked a great deal of childhood loves such as Spyro the Dragon and Crash Bandicoot.



   The PS1's competitor, Sega Saturn, was a powerful 32 bit machine, launched in 1994. However, only 240 games were released in Europe and only 245 in the USA, Some of these titles being; Megaman X4, House of the Dead, Xmen vs Streetfighter, what have you.


   The other competitor was the Nintendo 64.


 The Nintendo 64 was designed as a multiplayer machine with 4 available controller ports, for games like Mario Kart 64 and Mario Party. This machine also had the Transfer Pak, which allowed the portable Gameboy color to exchange data with the Nintendo 64 in certain games such as Mario Golf and Pokémon Gold/Silver, allowing you to play these titles on the big screen.

References:


Sunday, 17 November 2013

Wolfenstein

   I bought Wolfenstein 3D on GameBoy Advance a couple of weeks ago. I'd played Wolfenstein for Xbox 360 and I wanted to see some earlier development of this first person shooter franchise. These games hold quite a strong interest point for me. They're based around and after World War 2, a time which I find incredibly interesting.
   The first release from this franchise was 'Castle Wolfenstein', in 1891, and was playable on Apple II, DOS, Atari 400/800 and the Commodore 64.


   It looks incredibly basic, but excellent for the time and I would actually really like to play it.

   Wolfenstein 3D, which I bought for the Gameboy Advance not so long ago, was the first Wolfenstein game to be released on console as well as computer.


   It was released in 1992, and was playable on SNES, Atari Jaguar, 3DO, GBA and now is playable on PS3 and the Xbox 360.


   At first, I found this game sort of basic and boring... I got into it really quickly though. There are pretty limited controls; being movement, attack, open door and weapon switch. That's it. However, despite this, the graphics (and the lack of music, though that may be a glitch with my cartridge...). Anyway, despite all this, I quickly started to really enjoy myself (and, admittedly, gasp and curse when I'd die). 



   Before I played Wolfenstein 3D, I'd played Wolfenstein for the Xbox 360, which I actually adore. I really enjoyed the involved, interesting storyline and the general FPS style. The atmosphere of the game is a lot of fun. It's actually a sequel to 'Return to Castle Wolfenstein' (which I would also like to try at some point) but it doesn't really limit your knowledge on the story at hand. 'Return to Castle Wolfenstein' apparently received a bit of controversial press when being listed as an antisemitic game because Nazis being portrayed as protagonists. I think maybe I need to play it, but I'm pretty sure that the protagonist is Agent Blazkowicz, like the majority of the games, so I'm not sure whether you could really refer to it as anti semitic... especially as you're killing Nazis the whole way through the game...

   Next coming up for future though.. Wolfenstein: The New Order, which I honestly cannot wait for.


   It's set in the 1960s, in an alternate universe where the Nazis won the war, and you, Agent Blazkowicz are against them, to take down their forces and new 'Super Weapons'. It's set for release in 2014 and I'm really looking forward to it.


Architectural Brief


   So.. the four weeks we've had for our architectural project have drawn to a close. I finished this a couple of days ago, and although it's not amazing, I am quite pleased with what I have achieved.
 
   My biggest regret about this piece is that I feel I wasn't ambitious enough with my choice of building. I just chose this cute little pub called the King's Head. This thought didn't really occur to me until I was halfway through the mesh. I'm bad enough with stress as it is, and I didn't want to risk going back and finding something else, only to run out of time to do it. I regret this now, however only slightly, because I came across hurdles across the way, which may have prevented me getting it done on time had I gone back to make something larger. I decided that instead, I'd try and add details to make the mesh more interesting, such as lights, satellite dish, etc.
   The UV unwrapping for this mesh caused me much more headaches than it probably should have.. Thing kept going wrong or I'd have to edit parts of the model and reset my UVs. I did end up learning a heck of a lot from this though, so even though it was a pain at the time... I'm glad of it now.
   The tiling textures I actually really enjoyed. Well... I enjoyed the bricks and the roof tiles... I found the grouting incredibly difficult, as you can see by the tiling still on it. Creating all of the textures took a while, but it was worth it seeing it all on the building.
   Once I'd put all the textures on, I decided to make an alpha for the the sections connecting the lamp to the building and I was really pleased with the results. So after that I added a plane and put an alpha on to display the sign on the building.
   At first I found applying normal maps quite difficult. I used a tutorial off blackboard to figure out how to do it, and I followed it to the letter and it still wouldn't work for some reason. I was in the labs at the time and I wasn't the only one struggling with this problem. We were saved though when a helpful second year student showed us what had gone wrong, and it was as simple as changing how the materials are shown in viewport.

   So overall, I am really quite pleased with how this came out. It's simple, but I think the textures and the normal maps made it look a lot better.


Sunday, 10 November 2013

Arcade of Camden

   I went on a shopping trip with my friends to London at the weekend. We went all over the place, including Harrods, Hamley's and Camden Market (which, in my opinion, is the best place in London, if only for Cyberdog). I fell in love even more when we were walking round the indoor vintage stalls in Camden Market. We looked into the corner of one of the shops, and there stood this gorgeous relic of times gone past...


   ...And hurrah! It was working! This amazing machine, which four people could squeeze around and play, each with a joystick, an attack button and a jump button. That was it. 
   Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a childhood love of mine anyway, but when I saw this I was so excited. I, of course, played, but was dragged away far too soon.

   I wish I'd carted it off with me... if only I had the strength!



Friday, 8 November 2013

Critical Studies: Then to Now... Part Two

'The Middle Ages'

   The 1950s saw the first time computers being used for recreational purposes. Up until this point, computers had mainly been used for calculations, or, for example, decoding messages during the war.


   In 1958, a man called William Higinbotham created one of the first games, called 'Tennis for Two' and was created using an oscilloscope and analog computer. It was a simple side view of a tennis course, for two players. This just makes me smile. The advancements are amazing, and at the time this must have been a really exciting development. I can imagine that it would get boring fairly quickly though...


   'SpaceWar!' was invented in 1962 by Steve Russell for the PDP-1. The PDP-1 was the first operating system to allow multiplayer, so playing spacebar was more interactive and fun. The players would play against each other, controlling their ships with two boxy controllers. Here's a video of some 'SpaceWar!' gameplay!


   Looks fun right? The point of the genre is that two players are pitted against one another, controlling spacecrafts. There's a sun in the middle which provides great difficulties for the players as they fire missiles at one another, avoiding it's gravitational pull. SpaceWar! is quite a feat of an achievement, often credited as the first widely available and influential computer game!


   Computer Space, based on Space war, was the first ever arcade game. It was created in Nolan Bushnell (who would later start Atari Computers in 1972).
   There were two versions of Computer Space, a one player machine and a two player. In the one player version, the player controls a rocket ship in a face off against two spaceships, whereas in the two player version, two players battle one another.

Pong


   Here, you can have a go at a version of Pong! Probably famous as one of the symbols of classing computer games, it was originally a training device set by Nolan Bushnell for an Atari employee, Allan Alcorn. Atari was first made as a single arcade machine and put in a pub, and it became so quickly successful that Atari started to mass produce them! 


   Playing it.. it's actually incredibly easy to see why it became so popular. It's simple, but consider how advanced it was at the time! It's strangely addictive, and actually quite fun, and I wish there was more of this now. I wish that it was still the case that you'd pop down the local and there'd be pong or even maybe a PacMan machine.

PacMan 


   PacMan.. the immensely famous, world popular symbol of 80s Pop Culture. PacMan was developed by Namco in 1980 and sold over 100,000 units in its first year. 
   Everyone's heard of PacMan and most people have played a version of it at some point during their lives. It's very easily argued that PacMan is one of the most popular video games in history. 


   It's easy to see why this was so exciting and entertaining to play. There was an introduction of characters, and with the release of Ms. PacMan in 1981, a direct introduction of girls to the world of gaming.


The Magnavox Odyssey

   The Magnavox Odyssey was the machine that introduced the world to home gaming. Designed by Ralph Baer and made available in 1972, it was a digital video game console plugged into the television and controlled by two paddles. It was also released with six cartridges to play twelve different games (one of which, incidentally, being Pong).




Emerson Arcadia 2001

   In 1982, Emerson Radio Corp released the arcadia 2001 console, and a lot of trouble followed this for them...
   Arcadia 2001 was small and powered by a 12 volt power supply, meaning it could be used in vehicles. This would have been a fantastic launch into portable gaming... if it weren't for the face that it required a portable television... no common thing in the 80s, funnily enough.
   Its release wasn't exactly well timed either, as it came out at the same time as the much more popular Coleco Vision and the Atari 5200.

The competition.. the Atari 5200

   Meanwhile, Atari released the Atari 5200. These included an analog joystick, and the controller allowed a full 360 degree movement, however there were troubles with this and the controllers were very failure prone. The 5200 was also one of the first controllers to come with a pause button (What. I would be so lost without that thing.. trips to the fridge would inevitably end in death and disaster...)
   The Atari 5200 was thrown ahead of its competition though, because it had a lot more good quality games that other systems of that year. Unfortunately, the Atari 5200 was short-lived because of the great computer game crash of '83.

The Crash

   There were quite a few contributing factors to the crash in the gaming market in 1983. This article from IGN is a pretty interesting read into some facts about the crash.


   As it says in this article, one of the main reasons for the crash was an oversupply in consoles on the market. There was the Emerson Arcadia 2001, Atari 5200, the Coleco Vision and many others. Also as Computer gaming became more prominent as home computers became more affordable, these consoles had even more competition.

NES



   The courageous release of the Nintendo Entertainment System is what brought gaming consoles back after the crash. Originally the 'Famicon' in Japan, Nintendo sold the console in America as the NES and it took off in leaps and bounds. No wonder! When the world was being introduced to classics like Legend of Zelda and Super Mario Bros.


The NES controller, a horizontal block that you hold with both hands has become the standard design used for all consoles nowadays pretty much, with the directional keys on the left and action buttons on the right, with a start and select in the middle.

Nintendo Gameboy

In 1989, Nintendo released the pocket sized revolution for gaming, the Gameboy. The Gameboy offered the opportunity for portability to already much loved classics, such as Super Mario Bros and Zelda, and would also be the leap into the Pokemon gaming franchise. The Gameboy, the first in the Gameboy series, is what we have to thank for our current Nintendo handheld feat, the 3DS. 




The Gameboy and Gameboy Color progressed to the Advance and SP, the games for which could still be used in the Nintendo DS and DS Lite. From the DS lite came the DSi, and we've steadily risen to the 3DS, which still has the fundamental charm and lovability of all of its predecessors.

References

  • inventors.about.com/library/blcomputer_videogames.htm
  • iventors.about.com/od/sstartinventions/a/spacewar.htm
  • www.arcade-museum.com/c/computer_space.html
  • www.ponggame.org
  • pacman.com/en/pac-man-history/
  • en.wikipedia.org/wiki/magnavox
  • en.wikipedia.org/wiki/arcadia_2001
  • atariage.com/5200/
  • www.nintendo.co.uk/Corporate/Nintendo-History/Nintendo-Entertainment-System/Nintendo-Entertainment-System-627024.html

Thursday, 7 November 2013

Some of my Work and Thoughts so far...

   So... this post is an ashamedly long overdue post of some of the work I've been doing so far during the course. I've been incredibly lax with the blog, to be honest I've been finding the prospect daunting for some reason. Now is time to right that wrong.
   These are some of my finals from over the weeks of visual design. The first being The Canal Bridge.

 
   I was initially quite pleased with this and I really enjoyed going back to continue this piece. Despite the cold, I felt incredibly serene and peaceful. Whilst I was finishing this piece, I realised I actually liked the view in the opposite direction way better, so I decided I'd give it a go after I'd finished the first.


   I think my second final went much better than the previous. The perspective is nicer, and I feel I made a noticeable improvement from the first to the second in terms of realism and perspective. I also am really pleased with the contrast and amount of depth I achieved. If anything should be improved, I think I need to try harder to draw more realistic looking water, because I feel that the reflections look perhaps a little unrealistic.


   The second week, we were producing drawings of the archway, which I really loved doing. I liked getting the intricate details in the stones and cobbles, although admittedly I found it tricky to get the correct perspective at first. The drawback of this one was that it was freezing when I revisited to complete the piece, so everything took a lot longer than planned...


   The Student Union. Originally we were working in the Queens building, which was great (mainly because we were out of the rain) but also because the Queens building has some amazing interior structure. It could be perfect for creating an atmospheric, creepy piece of work, but we were learning 2-point perspective, which was quite difficult to achieve in the Queens building. So, the SU! I can't say this was the most enjoyable piece for me, however I found it very useful for developing my skills regarding perspective.


   I found drawing in Bradgate park very enjoyable, even though I didn't get a lot done on my first visit, due to inevitable lousy weather. No matter, the return went much better, with improved weather and the much welcome addition of ice-cream. This piece, I am actually really proud of. I came across this little bridge and instantly felt inspired to sketch it. I'm very proud of the results, because I think I have achieved a nice composition with good contrast. 


   Drawing dinosaur bones in the museum was really fun, aside from the mass unwelcome amount of school children... I think my first final went rather well, and drawing the dinosaur bones has actually been my favourite of monday mornings so far. I found the different intricate sections of the bones really interesting, the shapes inside and the shadows they cast onto the other bones. In my opinion this piece went very well, the pieces delicate, intriguing and strange. 


   Even though I was happy with my first final, I decided I just wanted to do one more. I am so glad I did aswell, because I think it came out brilliantly. Admittedly, I didn't finish it at the museum. I used photo references, sitting up in bed watching Inglourious Basterds and eating everything in sight. So, I think it came out very very well considering it was from photo references.

   On to Life drawing. I. Adore. Life drawing. Art has always been my life pretty much, and I love all of visual design, but there is nothing more useful than drawing the human figure from life, not to me anyway. I'd done it a lot in college and had attended a couple of lessons even before that, so it was so nice to straight away on the first day be drawing the human form. Here's a selection of my favourites from the lessons so far.








   Game Production... My verdict after the first lesson was that I hated it. I couldn't see how I'd ever get my head around it. I was thinking 'If I'm getting stuck now, what am I going to be like a couple of months down the line?!' First lesson, and I was instantly thinking, 'I can't do this' 'I'm never going to be good enough for this course' and I thought I was going to be the only one struggling. 
   Now, I feel much better about it. I'm still not brilliant, and I'm far from the best in my class but I feel like I have improved so much. I feel like I've learnt so much in this short amount of time and I'll admit that I'm proud of myself. I won't give up, I'm going to keep on trying and just try and better myself as much as I can.

   All-in-all? So far, despite getting stressed like hell, I am loving this course.